The previous parts of this series have focused on our current athlete and club demographics.  This part of the series will focus on USA Team Handball’s current finances.

Big Picture

As you might recall from the introduction to this series I am addressing possible futures for USA Team Handball by first methodically capturing, “What we have.”  I have covered quite a bit of ground, but haven’t focused on the lack of money and resources that pretty much underlie most of team handball’s small footprint and presence in the U.S.  

It may be true that “Money isn’t everything”, but I think we can also agree that, it’s still something.  And, that without money it’s very difficult to move forward with new projects and initiatives.  As one long time handball follower put it to me succinctly:

“If there’s more money, there are more choices.  But, if there’s no money, there are no choices.”

While, historically there has usually been “some money” it’s been pretty limited with the exception (to varying degrees) of support to national teams that have qualified for the Olympics.  In recent years, the cupboard has been really bare.  Fortunately, there are a number of developments that should help improve USA Team Handball’s financial situation.  These developments include the 2028 LA Olympics, IOC pressure on the IHF to develop handball globally, and European pro leagues/clubs seeking to develop a U.S. market.  Yes, after years of shrugging, Europeans are finally starting to realize the potential of a U.S. market and seem willing to do some things to make it happen. All told, this confluence of events could be a real game changer. 

Yes, long time followers that accuse me of being an eternal pessimist I am truly optimistic that our financial picture will change.

But, while these numbers should change in the not too distant future, it’s still a worthwhile exercise to assess where we are starting from.   Further, it’s important to also characterize the different sources of revenue.  Where the revenue is coming from and where there are opportunities to improve revenue generation.

Publicly Available Data

To assess USA the current financial situation I have reviewed USA Team Handball’s publicly available financial data. As a 501(c)(3) non-profit, USA Team Handball is required to file an Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form 990 every year.  Additionally, an audited financial statement is prepared on a yearly basis and both the annual audits and Form 990s are available on the USA Team Handball website.  While great information this data, however, has its limitations.  In particular, it’s top level data, so while it might be really interesting to break down revenue sources and expenses in greater deal, that information is not available.  Additionally, the forms are typically posted around one year after the accounting period in question.   So, if you are looking at a hot off the press Form 990 you will be reviewing data that is actually 1-2 years old.  And, if it’s been awhile since the Form 990 has been posted you could be reviewing data that is 2-3 years old.

The data below comprises the last four available Form 990s, covering the period from July 30, 2014 to June 30, 2018, so the data that is from 1.5 to 5.5 years old.  I have heard that the IHF and USOC have kicked in some grant funding already, but it’s not clear how much and for how long.  While this data doesn’t include those plus-ups it does provide a good baseline.

USA Team Handball Financial Data:  Link

Total Revenue

USA Team Handball’s average total annual revenue has been roughly $540K.  For a U.S. Sport National Governing Body (NGB) this is a paltry amount that significantly limits what can be done. Compared to several other team sport NGBs it is an order of magnitude smaller.  There’s a reason why for several years USA Team Handball has been pretty much a staff of one, plus coaches and a part team media specialist.  Heck, in some years it’s not even clear whether the coaches have actually been paid.  I have also heard rumors that at times there have been cash flow issues resulting even the CEO not being paid. It should therefore come as no great surprise that many national team trips for competition have been partly self-funded by the players participating.

So why has the revenue been so lacking?  Let’s take a closer look at several sub-components of the top line number.

Grants and Contributions

Historically, an annual grant from the USOPC has been the primary source of revenue for USA Team Handball.  For the 4 most recent years of available data the USOPC has provided around $225K/year.  As I’ve highlighted previously the annual USOPC grant used to be substantially more but has decreased over the years for several reasons.  First, following the 1996 Olympics the USOPC began more closely tying financial support to medaling opportunities.  With the U.S. being very unlikely to medal grant funding decreased.  Secondly, the U.S. has failed to qualify for the Olympics since 1996 meaning there was no need to support national teams so that a “respectable” performance in the Olympic spotlight could be had.  Finally, there have been general concerns with the management and performance of USA Team Handball.  The 2005 decertification of USA Team Handball is a prime example of those concerns.

With the 2028 Olympics now on the horizon and with greater engagement from the IHF, USOPC concerns seem to have been lifted.  Reportedly the USOPC is now providing some additional grant funding that is more in line with what other minor sport NGBs are provided. 

The U.S. Team Handball Foundation which was established with left over funds from the 1984 Olympic Game has also been a consistent source of revenue support, albeit on a smaller scale.  For the most recent four years they have provided roughly $34K/year often in support of national team competition.

The IHF did not provide any grant support in the posted four years, but reportedly they are now providing some grant funding to support college development efforts.  How much funding and for how long, however, has not been officially reported.  It would certainly be interesting to know, but we probably won’t officially know until the 2019 Form 990 is released in spring 2021.

Contributions are charitable donations that USA Team Handball receives from individuals and have averaged $88K for the past 4 years.  Considering the small base of supporters USA Team Handball has to work with this is actually a fairly decent number compared to other NGBs with much larger membership bases to draw from.

Corporate Sponsorship

Corporate sponsorship is roughly $64K/year and this is, as one might expect, substantially lower than other NGBs.  In short, “what we have” is pretty much next to nothing.  There has long been an outcry that this was a direct result of management and salesmanship incompetency.  However, as I pointed out in this 2012 commentary the reality is that sponsors are not in the business of charity and they want to see return on their sponsorship investment.   With a very small membership base and no TV exposure it has been very difficult to make a strong business case in support of USA Team Handball sponsorship.  There essentially has been no product to credibly sell to sponsors.  So, in other words I would argue that it was more of a product issue than it was a salesmanship issue.

However, with some investment from the USOPC and IHF this could be changing and we could actually have some products (e.g. a collegiate club championship) on the foreseeable horizon worthy of sponsorship.  Add in the promise of the 2028 Olympics in Los Angeles and it’s becoming more possible to sell the future of USA Team Handball. 

Further some personal relationships with a key handball proponent could make a difference.  In October, USA Team Handball and the IHF met with Verizon CEO, Hans Vestberg, in New York. (IHF Writeup: Link)  Vestberg is a former handball player and the former President of the Swedish Handball Federation and Swedish Olympic Committee, so he personally has an affinity for handball.  Verizon is also one of the largest companies in the U.S. (16^th on the Fortune 500 list) and already has major sport sponsorships with the NFL, NHL and NASCAR.  The NFL deal alone is reportedly for $500M/year so one can easily envision some sort of deal (on a smaller scale) for USA Team Handball being announced in the near future. 

So right now, sponsorship revenue is paltry.  But, this could be changing very soon.  For how much and for how long, again are the big questions.

Next up:  The assessment of current finances continues with a closer look at events and memberships.

Note: This is part of an ongoing series, Charting a Way Forward for USA Team Handball (2019 Reboot): Link

Parts 1, 2 and 3 provided an overview of Men’s and Women’s clubs in the U.S.  It doesn’t take long to empirically determine that there aren’t very many clubs and that the few clubs we are for the most populated with expats.  Here’s some context as to why this is so.

Starting a Club:  Big Picture

It kind of goes without saying that all existing clubs at some point in the past had to get started.  And, let’s make one thing clear up front.  Starting a club is a huge undertaking.  It takes organization skills.  It takes resources (money).  It takes time.  (A lot of time)  It takes determination.  Either from one indefatigable person or a village willing to put in quite a bit of effort. 

It is not easy when structures are in place to facilitate new clubs.  It can seem like mission impossible when no such structures exist.   For many people it might be the hardest thing they’ve ever tried to do. 

It should therefore come as no surprise that many folks take initial steps to start a club, assess that it’s not going to be a walk in the park and fairly quickly decide to punt.  That maybe they’ve got better things to do with their time and money.  I used to kind of look down at those lazy talkers, but now older and wiser I sometimes think that maybe they’re the smart ones.

Back in 2013 I highlighted some of the challenges from my own experience in helping to start two clubs.  With mixed success I might add.  And, yes I must admit failure is not easy for someone who is used to succeeding at a lot of different things.  As one gets older, however, one gets smarter and a little bit more humble.

Here are the major hurdles that typically have to be overcome on the way to starting a new club:

Hurdle 1) Recruiting Players

When you’re starting a new handball club, the first step is recruiting players.  Anyone who has done this knows that it is not as simple as posting a flyer or a Facebook post and waiting for the players to simply show up.  It might sort of work like that for a short window during the Summer Olympics every four years, but for the most part it involves working on your sales pitch.  For some this is a simple task, but for others it requires really stepping out of their comfort zone.

Recruiting athletes is not easy and requires a lot of salesmanship.  Adults in their 20s are busy starting a new career; perhaps in a significant committed relationship.  They’ve got competing interests.  A college student may be focused on their studies or simply happy playing pickup basketball or jogging as an outlet. Many people are simply not willing to make the time and money commitment to a club. 

And, keep in mind this sort of convincing/recruiting can be challenging for a well-known sport that athletes are familiar with and have played before.  Convincing/recruiting people to play a sport they are not familiar with or have never played before adds yet another layer of difficulty. 

Yes, some folks, indeed, are interested in trying something new like handball.  But, it’s a long path from checking out handball after you’ve seen it on TV to becoming fully committed to the sport.  Typically, there’s a huge attrition rate as those new players discover that the sport is more physical and a whole lot harder to master than they thought it would be. 

Thus, it should come as no surprise that U.S. clubs are heavily populated with expats.  Yes, people seeking out… something they are familiar with and have played before vice seeking out an opportunity to join some other club to do something totally new.  In a nutshell, this explains the predominance of Expat clubs in the U.S.

Hurdle 2) Achieving “Critical Mass”

Then there is the issue of “critical mass.”  As in you really need around 16 athletes to have a truly viable club.  Yes, a club can “get by” with fewer athletes.  Heck, the mighty Condors once took 3^rd place at open Nationals with just 7 athletes and one of them wasn’t really a goalie!  (Iron Man Handball at its finest.)  But, generally you want enough athletes to scrimmage at practices, for substitution in matches and to handle the natural attrition that occurs due to injuries and other commitments. 

It goes without saying that achieving such critical mass is much easier in big cities.  Big cities, where, you guessed it, there’s a healthy supply of handball loving expats moving in and out every year.  The bigger the city, the easier such recruitment is.  It should come as no surprise, for instance, that one of the largest and most international cities in the world, New York City, has such a strong and vibrant club.

Achieving critical mass in smaller population areas can also be done.  It’s just that it’s much harder and requires really strong commitment.  And, effective recruitment of stateside Americans to make up for the shortage of expat players available.  So, a new club is always on the lookout for new athletes to get to the critical mass needed to practice.

Hurdle 3) A Place to Practice and Equipment (Balls and Goals)

Once you’ve got enough players it’s then possible to actually practice.  But, of course, one can’t really practice without a gym, balls and goals.  For the most part, this is a logistical hurdle that can be solved pretty easily with money.  Balls and goals can be purchased or in the case of goals, built.  Sometimes, USA Team Handball or some other organization can even come through with a donation.  A gym to practice in can be a little more tricky.  Depending on where the club is being started there may well be issues with finding a gym that’s big enough for a handball court and that can rented for practice at a reasonable cost. And, finding a gym that will allow stickum is also becoming tougher as well.

Which leads to another point: cost.  Athletes brand new to a sport are often reluctant to contribute to the logistical overhead associated with a club.  This inevitably means that the fully committed have to front a lot of these costs.  This can be problematic depending on the number of people willing to contribute, as well as the financial situation of those people.  For the most part, wherever there’s a new club starting up, it’s a pretty safe to assume that somebody is paying out of pocket to make it happen.

Hurdle 4) Finding Opponents to Play

This hurdle is sometimes forgotten, but in the big picture of things has to be considered.  The U.S. is a huge country and some clubs have better “geography” than others.  For the most part this means not being “too far” from other clubs.  Ideally, being able to drive to competition that is less than 5 hours away.  Beyond that distance generally requires flying for competition and finding enough athletes willing to do that can be really challenging for a new club.

Changing the Sequence of Club Organization

I’m sure some reading this have mentally noted that the order of these hurdles can be altered.  In particular, finding a gym to practice (Hurdle) 3 can be moved up.  This, however, is a risky venture because it’s not yet certain that the players needed will indeed get successfully recruited.  (You, don’t want 5 people playing catch in an empty gym you’ve rented out.)  And, this creates a bit of an awkward chicken and egg situation.  As in, you need players to practice, but you also need a gym and equipment for those players to practice. 

Insurmountable Hurdles?

Finally, would be organizers have to also take a hard, critical overview of the overall situation.  Are there just too many hurdles?  Or, is one hurdle simply too high?  The answer to these questions is sometimes yes.  I know people like to think that “if there is a will, there is a way” and I guess that’s true to a certain extent.  I mean some dynamic handball loving guy in Nome, Alaska could put his heart and soul into establishing a handball team there, but there would be some serious mountains to climb.  No handball expats, limited population base and a flight to Vancouver or Seattle just to play some matches.  It is theoretically possible that it could be done, it’s just not very unlikely.

A Current Example:  Detroit Handball

I’ve been around a while and I’ve seen quite a few clubs come and go, and even come back.  And, one can generally look at the location and the people behind the effort and assess what their likelihood of success. 

Recently, Joey Williams, has taken on the task of starting a new club in Detroit, Michigan.  Joey has been a goalie on the Jr National Team and is pretty high on the “passionate scale” when it comes to handball, having attended a goalie camp in Croatia and trained in Denmark on his own dime.

As I highlighted at the beginning of this article it generally takes someone pretty committed to take on the effort of starting a club and Joey is nearly off the charts in that department.  Failure in this instance won’t be for lack of trying.

In terms of recruitment he’s been very active and has been using social media effectively.  He’s done an Instagram Takeover of the USA Team Handball Instagram account and recently posted a short infomercial on the new club.  “Critical Mass” has not been achieved yet, but generally that takes time. 

Depending on how one defines the Detroit metropolitan area there is between 3.7M to 5.3M so that’s quite a few people to draw from.  According to this list of metropolitan areas, Detroit is the 11 largest metro area in the U.S.   (And, no surprise here: you’ll see quite the correlation between U.S. Handball club locations and the top end of this population ranking.)  In fact, one might wonder why there hasn’t been a club effort in Detroit sooner.  It’s hard to say for sure, but I would speculate that the economic downturn probably has something to do with it.  And, in turn, I’m guessing that has resulted in fewer young expats with a handball background finding their way to the Motor City.  Not to say there aren’t some there just that it might be fewer than other cities which are perceived as hipper.

In terms of geography and distance to other clubs Detroit is in pretty good shape.  Chicago, Pittsburgh and Columbus, Ohio are within 5 hours drive.  And, maybe the development of a Detroit club will spur development of a club program at the University of Michigan so that the Ohio St – Michigan rivalry can be extended to Team Handball.

In terms of logistics, there are a number of suitable gyms, although they are still looking for one that will allow stickum.  And, the capital outlay necessary for balls and goals is still needed.

Taking into account all of these factors, I would put the likelihood of a club successfully being established in Detroit as fairly high, but with one huge caveat.  And, that caveat is that everything seems to be pretty much revolving around one highly dedicated guy.  If Joey can’t continue to fully dedicate himself to the effort or has to move somewhere else there isn’t enough of a club established yet to sustain what’s been started.

This is nothing new.  In just about every instance of a club being established it has been due to the efforts of a few key (or even just one) individual.  And, the same is true in regards to the folding of most clubs.  Generally they have folded due to the departure of a few (or even just one) key individual.  The clubs that stick around in most cases have been the ones that create a “village” of dedicated individuals that share the load.

If you want to help Joey Williams and the Detroit Handball Club they’ve set up a crowdfunding site. Check out that link and others below.

Detroit Handball Club
– Crowdfunding Site: Link
– Website: Link
– Facebook: Link
– Instagram: Link

Note: This is part of an ongoing series, Charting a Way Forward for USA Team Handball (2019 Reboot): Link

Parts 1 and 2 of my review of U.S. clubs focused on Men’s clubs.  Part 3 looks at our Women’s Club Programs.

USA Women’s Clubs:  A Small Footprint

As a reminder here are the U.S. demographics from an earlier installment of this series.

Breaking this down further there are around 150-200 female handball athletes playing club handball in the U.S.  And, of that 150 – 200 there are perhaps 60-80 that are American citizens. 

The tables below (and the map above) further break down the Women’s club program in the U.S. that played at least 1 match last season.

The demographics are similar to the Men with most of the teams being expat majority except for collegiate clubs and a couple of geographically dispersed clubs (Rogue and Carolina Blue).

While similar, however, the overall total numbers of clubs are lower.  Last season there were a total of 36 Men’s clubs that played at least 1 match (At-Large (21) and Collegiate (15)].  For the women, there was only a total of 12 clubs [At-Large (9) and Collegiate (3)].

Why Fewer Women’s Clubs?: Less Interest and…Surprisingly, More Opportunity (in Relative Terms)

An earlier article highlighted some of the inherent challenges with developing women’s handball.  Those challenges include handball not being a “school sport”, a smaller pool of interested athletes (relatively to men).

This less relative interest is manifested in two ways.  Overall, there are fewer women interested in playing sports competitively.  Anecdotally, I think most people will agree this true, but there are also several studies that back up this view.  For grades 3-12 roughly 8 million girls participate in organized sports compared to 12 million boys.  I would suspect that these rates of participation continue in older ages and may even increase.  Meaning all things being equal there are fewer women interested in playing a club sport like handball.

But, I would argue that when it comes to club sport’s interest in college all things are not even equal.  And, this is somewhat bizarrely due the great equal opportunity requirements of Title IX which mandates equal participation rates for men and women.  It hasn’t been fully realized, but the number of scholarship and participation opportunities for women is roughly the same as it is for men.  Meaning that in relative terms NCAA collegiate scholarships for established sports dig deeper into the smaller women’s pool of available talent.  This, in turn, leaves fewer women athletes left looking for a sports club outlet and the raw talent of those athletes also being somewhat lower.

 So, with these handicaps it shouldn’t be a huge surprise that there are fewer women’s clubs, both with At-Large Clubs and Collegiate Clubs

This concludes the review of the demographic numbers for U.S. Clubs. Part 4 addresses some of the “why” behind these demographics. In particular, why clubs in the U.S. tend to be majority Expat.

Note: This is part of an ongoing series, Charting a Way Forward for USA Team Handball (2019 Reboot): Link

Part 1 of my review of U.S. clubs focused on our At-Large Men’s club.  Part 2 looks at Men’s Collegiate Club programs.

Collegiate Clubs:  More Americans, Younger Americans, Plus Structural and Marketing Advantages

The initial review of Men’s club demographics clearly brings home the strengths of our collegiate clubs.

Rarely does a simple tabulation bring home reality so starkly.  These clubs are likely 95-100% American and have an average age of 21.2  This is the one layer of our development pyramid that makes sense.  Sure, we’d like for there to be even more college programs, but it’s a solid start.  And, while a European might laugh at my declaration of “younger” players compared to our At-Large Clubs it is indeed substantially younger.  Sure, we’d like more players at even younger ages, but as I will discuss in future installments, going younger can be pretty challenging due to the constraints of U.S. sporting structures.

College clubs are also the first strong transfer point for athletes from other sports.  This is because there are a limited number of college scholarships available for major sports and many quality athletes won’t make the cut.  These athletes, in many cases will be looking to continue their athletic careers and team handball presents a unique opportunity.

Colleges also have many structural advantages in terms of starting new clubs.  For starters, there’s a captive audience of potential athletes all conveniently located in the same place.  Most colleges also encourage club activities and gym space for a handball court exists, even if a handball club has to compete against other activities for its use.

Finally, collegiate clubs have built in branding associated with their college.  Maybe around 1,000 people in the U.S. have even heard of our At-Large Clubs like NYC and SF Cal Heat.  Whereas millions of Americans immediately know what North Carolina Tar Heels and Ohio State Buckeyes means.  And, alumni of those institutions are inclined to support clubs from their alma mater even if they don’t know a whole lot about a sport like team handball.

Collegiate Club Demographics

While the snapshot of college clubs from last year’s national championship provides a top level overview there are several other collegiate clubs in the U.S.  Here, again thanks to Bryan Cothorn’s database, is an overview of every collegiate club that played at least 1 match last season (2018-19)

Some notes on this compilation

• Last season the U.S. had 15 Collegiate Men’s that played at least 1 match.  Seven of these 15 clubs fielded more than one team for a total of 22 teams that played at least 1 match. 
• The clubs highlighted in Green are discussed below

Upper Appalachian Conference?

You never know sometimes how things will grow organically (from within/naturally), but for whatever reason a natural grouping of collegiate clubs has sprung up in Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia.  In fact, over half of the collegiate clubs last season (8 of 15 highlighted in the table in green) are located within those 5 states. These clubs are also relatively new and evenly matched.  The engineer/program manager in me hates to jump right to solutions, but this appears to be a no brainer gift that should be capitalized on in some way.  Not sure what I would call this conference, but the Appalachian Mountains do split the 8 schools. Perhaps the conference could be split into an East Division with Penn St, Johns Hopkins, Virginia and James Madison and a West Division with Cincinnati, Ohio St, West Virginia and Pittsburgh. Such a split would result in no more than a 5 hour drive within each division.

Sustainment:  Always an Issue for Clubs where Players Graduate every Year

Long time readers will surely remember seeing this grim map before

It’s a very stark reminder of the collegiate clubs of the past.  Clubs that surely started with promise, took the court with dreams only to all die an untimely death a few years later.  There are multiple reasons as to why clubs fold, but in most cases it can be attributed to a dedicated coach’s departure or the graduation of a key cohort of seniors.

The data in the table can’t fully predict which clubs will stay and which clubs will go, but the # of games played is a rough indicator.  If you can’t field a team to play games chances are that your days as a club are numbered.  For sure, a willingness to spend the time and money to travel is literally and figuratively where the rubber hits the road.  Of course, it’s just an indicator.  For example, Texas A&M is a pretty solid program and its limited number of matches is directly attributable to being located in a handball desert.

Beyond Existing Clubs?

While there are only around 13 existing clubs dozens of colleges and universities play team handball as an intramural sport. In all likelihood, the handball being played is just a rough facsimile of the real game. Often the games are played with less contact and fouls being called like a basketball game. Which is not too surprising since such games are likely being played by athletes that have never played the game and officiated by refs who haven’t been trained. And, being intramural sports probably coached by a student who maybe played the year before.

This is nothing new, but good things can come from such intramural programs. The 1977 Air Force Academy club team went to the U.S. National Championships and spent the first day learning all sorts of new rules that they had been playing wrong and almost still came away with winning the tournament. (It doesn’t hurt to have several Div 1 basketball athletes and two future handball Olympians on your roster.)

Colleges with intramural programs are a great place to start. Even if they aren’t playing the game properly they are playing it and can be taught. Plus they are motivated and already have equipment (goals and balls). Although, I’ve heard sometimes alternative sized balls and goals have actually been used instead of the real thing…

College Development:  Already being Worked

The IHF has already indicated that they will financially support college development and a Working Group has been established to work college development.  According to an August USA Team Handball Newsletter their very clear mission is to: “establish a sustainable approach toward helping colleges and universities establish collegiate team handball clubs.” A challenging mission, but a worthwhile one.

Next up:  Part 3 will look at U.S. Women’s clubs both At-Large and collegiate.

Note: This is part of an ongoing series, Charting a Way Forward for USA Team Handball (2019 Reboot): Link

Previous installments in this series have focused on our national teams.  This installment takes a closer look at U.S. clubs and how they are different from typical clubs in Europe.

Clubs:  The Key National Team Building Block in “Almost” every Nation

Perhaps for European readers this title is self-explanatory, except for the curious notion of italicizing and putting the word, “almost” in quotes.  As in, “What do you mean? How on Earth could you have a National Team without clubs underneath developing players?”

Well, I won’t regurgitate the history of U.S. national teams for the last 40 or so years, but for the most part our national teams have been comprised of athletes that have transitioned from other sports.  Many of these athletes never even played handball before they joined a National Team Residency Program.  Some, had only a brief stint with a club before they made the transition.  And, then only a handful have started as a youth and done the bulk of their initial handball development as a club participant before eventually being identified for the national team. 

Of course, this has changed recently with the greater use of expat Americans on U.S. National Teams.  Yes, the U.S. is now actually using the European Model more, but only because many athletes are dual citizens who have lived most of their lives in Europe.

U.S. Clubs:  A Level of Play Substantially Lower than other Handball Nations

Comparing the level of club play in the U.S. to clubs in Europe can be complicated and it depends greatly on your reference point.  My point of reference is the one season (2002-03) that I played handball recreationally in France as a member of Levallois Sport Club, a suburb of Paris.  It was the 2^nd level of play in the Ile de France region.  We practiced once a week and played one match every weekend.  For reference, there are five levels of play at the national level in France.  (LNH, Pro Ligue, NM1, NM3, NM3) and I was playing two levels below that, so in a sense I was playing in the… 7^th Division.

And, here’s the eye opener that’s shaped virtually every commentary I’ve written for the past 12 years.

The team I played for finished middle of the table in our pool and I would assess that if I could transport that very same team to our most recent U.S. National Championships we would beat every team except for Cal Heat, NYC and NYAC and LATHC.  Yes, a middle of the road 7^th division team in France would have been the 5^th best team at the U.S. Elite National Championships.  Which then led to the following conclusion.  Sorry, if it sounds overly negative, but that conclusion is… “What the hell are we thinking?”

Of course, this conclusion is way overly simplistic.  There’s a lot of nuance and complications with our existing structures that resulted in our “thinking” over the years.   Still…

U.S. Handball Clubs:  A Grouping of Handball People that is Familiar, but Different

So, was the little club that I played for in France radically different?  Answer:  Yes and No.  The practices were very similar to the ones that I with the Condors in the late 80s; actually similar to practices I had with the U.S. National team.  Handball is handball.  Pretty much like basketball is basketball.  It’s just that the level of play and intensity is different.

The camaraderie of the teams were also very similar.  Teammates became friends through the shared experiences of success and failure.  There’s a special bonding with sports teams and that’s pretty universal.

But, that’s pretty much where the similarities end.  I’ve already described the comparative level of play.  And, while the 7^th Division in France is comparable to our open club championships one only has to go up a couple of levels to find better teams.  Also, significantly different is the citizenship of the teams.  I’m sure there were a handful of expats in our little suburban Paris league, but there weren’t any teams that were 90% expat.  And, here’s an anecdote for you: After one season I decided that my tired 38 year old body wasn’t equipped any more for handball, so I played over 35 basketball for 4 years.  In those 4 years as my club climbed up from the 3^rd Division to the 1^st Division I played around 100 games against dozens of clubs.  And, in all that time I played “America’s game” exactly once against a fellow American.

Several things of note there:  Very few expats, dozens of teams and I think the longest trip I ever took was around 45 minutes to a suburb on the other side of Paris.  And, this was just for the over 35 team.  Most clubs had multiple teams from 10 years on up.  Some like my club even had a professional side sharing the very same gym for practices.  It’s not hard to see how these clubs are the primary building block for developing sporting talent in Europe and much of the rest of the world.

Now, to state the obvious:  There are no handball clubs like this in the U.S.  Heck, I don’t know of any club for any sport in the U.S. that fits this profile.

Understanding U.S. Handball Clubs

So, what exactly are handball clubs in the U.S. then?  Well, to start there are two primary types of clubs:  At-Large Clubs (open to anyone) and Collegiate Clubs (where members are also students at the same college). 

At-Large Club Demographics

Here’s the snapshots of the clubs that I presented in part 1:

As you can see our national championship participants were mostly from other countries and a bit on the older side.   With the aid of Bryan Cothorn’s excellent database here is even broader overview of all the At-Large Clubs that played at least one match last season (2018-19).

Some notes on this compilation

• Last season the U.S. had 21 At Large Clubs that played at least 1 match.  Eight of these 21 clubs fielded more than one team for a total of 30 teams that played at least 1 match. 
• The clubs are split into three main groupings:
  • 13 clubs where the majority of the roster consists of athletes who first learned to play handball outside the U.S.
  • 4 clubs where the majority of the athletes are stateside products and where a majority of the athletes live in one location
  • 4 clubs where the majority of the athletes are stateside products, but a majority of the athletes are geographically dispersed.

• The purpose of this grouping is not to be “divisive”, but to provide insight as to “what we have” in terms of at large clubs.  Any club we have in the U.S. is an asset that contributes to the growth of the sport in the U.S.
• The total number of matches played and whether a club played at the National Championships provides some insight as to the relative stability of the club.  This is because clubs that play a lot of matches and participate at nationals are generally more established.  Whereas a club that plays just a few matches might be either a new club or a club that might be having sustainment issues.

Analysis

• Clubs serve many purposes and ends, but currently our At-Large Clubs have only a very limited relationship to our Men’s National Team.  It’s true that 21 athletes in our current player pool played on At-Large Club last season, but only 2 of these athletes (Sayed Shalaby (NYC) and Greg Inahara (Chicago)) made our 2019 PANAM Games Team. 
• The training environment for these clubs varies dramatically.  At one end of the scale is NYC which is a large club with several experienced players.  I would suspect their practices are pretty competitive.  At the other end of the scale are some of the newer clubs which may even struggle to practice or scrimmage.  And, then there are clubs that are geographically dispersed and may never actually practice; simply gathering together a few times a year to play in tournaments.
• Our At-Large Clubs currently have only a limited role in the development of players for future national team competition.  There are multiple reasons for this.
  • Most clubs are essentially recreational clubs consisting of players who simply love to play handball.  That is their primary focus and… there is nothing wrong with that.
  • There is little incentive for established teams to invest the time required to find and recruit new American players with little experience.
  • Most clubs do not practice regularly enough to develop new talent in a timely manner.  Further, they may not be equipped with the requisite coaching knowledge required.
• Two clubs (The Long Island Tigers and the Team Handball Academy (THA)) in this compilation could play a greater role in developing National Team prospects. However, the THA is not fielding a team this year and it’s future is in doubt.
• Because our At-Large Clubs are recreational it should come as no surprise that most rosters are majority expat.  There are simply more expat handball players in the U.S. who love the game and want to invest the time and energy to play the game recreationally.
• The geography of the U.S. is a major handicap.  Because these clubs are so spread out there is a significant amount of travel required to play matches.  Some clubs pretty much have to fly for competition and virtually every other club has to drive significant distances.  This adds to the level of commitment (time and money) required to play.
• Our At-Large Clubs are a valuable resource for several reasons
  • They provide a competitive outlet for athletes that want to continue their handball careers
  • They provide quality competition for younger sides to play and learn from
  • They are the committed and more likely to be paying members of USA Team Handball, fans that will watch the sport on TV and purchase handball related merchandise.
  • They could, in some instances, provide the ground floor for future efforts.  This could include manpower for development programs or the initial infrastructure and support base for a semi-pro club.

This overview was limited to Men’s At-Large Clubs.  Future installments will take a closer look at collegiate clubs and Women’s clubs.

Last month, I had the opportunity to attend and participate in the annual Play The Game Conference in Colorado Springs.  The theme of this year’s event was Athlete Power on the Rise.

During a session titled The Global Challenge of Growing Grassroots Sports, I gave a short presentation entitled Building Grassroots for Niche Sports: An Insurmountable Challenge?  My presentation touched on several themes I’ve written about over the past several years to include the reasons why USA Team Handball’s has historically, primarily focused on its national teams instead of grass roots development and the challenges of developing a sport outside of U.S. schools and colleges.  I conclude that the challenges are indeed significant, but not insurmountable. And, that building grass roots for niche sports could be facilitated by the U.S. Olympic and Paralympic Committee (USOPC) modifying their funding philosophy to place more emphasis on grass roots and for the NCAA to be more innovative with the introduction of pilot programs to give non-traditional Olympic sports like handball a boost.

The presentation is embedded below and the audio from the session I participated is here: Link 

My presentation starts at 29:25 and if you open a separate window you can follow along as I speak.

The other presentations are also interesting and worth checking out.  Particularly, Top Farrey’s (Aspen Institute) presentation which highlights efforts to keep kids engaged in sports and Chris Snyder’s (USOPC) presentation on the American Development Model (ADM).  The ADM was also the main topic of discussion during presentations at the Olympic Training Center.  The ADM as presented seeks to address some of the shortfalls and challenges sports in America have in developing athletes.  Addressing the practice of early age specialization and burnout, in particular were two areas of emphasis. 

One can even see how the ADM could be eventually applied to team handball.  Certainly, we could use a coordinated strategy for developing our virtually non-existent grass roots.  That being said, many aspects of the ADM appear to be geared more for sustaining participation in established sports vice establishing participation for new sports.  For sure, right now we can only fantasize about too many young athletes specializing in team handball and getting burned out from too much competition.

Play The Game Conference 2019:  Link  (This page contains links to all presentations and video and audio.)

Play the Game Article on Grassroots session: Link

Download my presentation: Link

Side note:  Lots of excellent discussion during the conference regarding pay for play for NCAA athletes.  All the more relevant since the NCAA has agreed to review its policy for athletes to get paid for the use of their likeness for marketing purposes.

Note: This is part of an ongoing series, Charting a Way Forward for USA Team Handball (2019 Reboot): Link

Previously, I broke down our Sr National Team by our two best stocked positions, Goalkeeper and Circle Runner. In this installment I take a closer look at our thin back court and wing positions

Handball:  It Takes a “Team” to Win, but it all Starts with a Solid Back Court

Anyone who follows handball learns pretty quickly that it’s a true team sport.  6 court players working together on offense and 6 court players and a goalkeeper working in tandem together on defense.  One great player can make a big difference in a handball match, but not quite to the extent a great player can in other sports like basketball or like a QB can in American football.

That being said if you’ve played the game or have become a student of the sport, you know that you simply can’t have a great or even a good team without a solid back court.  The reason for this is primarily geometric.  If one just looks at the layout of a handball court with a 6 meter arc around the goal it’s obvious where the best place to shoot from is:  It’s the center of the court.  So, naturally that’s where you try to shoot first.  And, where the defense tries to stop you first.  Sure, teams score from the wing a lot of the time, but that’s primarily because the defense has shut down the center and, in turn, they’ve funneled the offense to the wing which is somewhat less defended for a shot at a less desirable angle.

The ideal back court has 3 players (left back, center back and right back) who can play the position well.  Players that can make 1 on 1 moves, pass the ball smartly and shoot from 9-10 meters over the defense.  However, few teams, have the ideal.  Perhaps they have a left back who has a great jump shot, but is just a so-so passer and can’t beat the defense 1 on 1.  Maybe they have an undersized center back who is great 1 on 1, but can’t shoot from 9 very well.  And, then a left back who’s a great passer who keeps the offense flowing, but is not expected to score much.  (There are multiple combinations and this narrative is somewhat simplistic, but it should help provide context for this discussion/analysis.)

But, what happens if you’re back court is subpar?  If the defense figures out they can’t score very effectively?  Well, the middle of the defense relaxes a bit and keeps a closer eye on the circle runner.  The wing defenders figure out that they don’t have to help in the center so much and keep better tabs on the wing.  Pretty soon no one on offensive is getting a decent shot and risky and riskier passes are made leading to turnovers.   And, then the game gets out of hand.

Can the same thing happen in reverse?  Can solid back court players be hindered by poor wing and circle runner play?  Yes, but not to the same extent.  This, is simply because play starts in the back court.  It’s possible for a team to “get by” with subpar wings, but you can’t “get by” without a back court.  How is this reality often demonstrated?  When coaches decides to move a natural wing player to the back court… because the wing is actually a better back court player.  I don’t recall such a move ever being done in reverse.

U.S. Back Court:  Our Best in Years, but Still Very Thin in Terms of Depth

I’ll talk about all 3 positions with the insight that there is some fluidity in terms of placement.  (e.g. with left handers being scarce some of our left backs have/will found themselves playing right back)

Currently, the U.S. has three back court players that I would assess as a rung above everyone else.  Those 3 are Ian Hueter, Abou Fofana and Gary Hines.  Not surprisingly they also were the 3 athletes that played the bulk of the minutes at this past summer’s PANAM Games.

Fofana plays in the French Pro Ligue which is the 2^nd level of competition in France and arguably the 2^nd best 2^nd Division after Germany’s HBL 2.  Fofana is clearly our best left back and has dominated some games against weaker national team foes.  Against, better competition, however, at the PANAM Games his shooting percentage suffered.  And, while our best left back, he actually only sees limited offensive action with his club team, playing more on defense.

Ian Hueter, in my opinion is the linchpin of the offense and one of the best center backs to ever play for the U.S.  It’s not for his scoring acumen or his one on one skills, but his passing and court sense.  He makes the back courts on either side of him way more effective. The U.S. has had better center backs, but no one so accomplished at the age of 22.

Gary Hines is certainly one of the more athletic players the U.S has ever had, but he has always been a bit undersized at back court.  And while he’s gotten better at passing the ball taking players on one on one is hard wired in his DNA.  When he beats his opposition for a remarkable goal I’m not one to complain, but when foiled by the defense as he was at times during the PANAM Games it pretty much shut down any rhythm the U.S. offense had.  At 35 he’s got a lot of mileage on him, but he’s still performing.  Still, I wouldn’t be surprised for him to move toward the left wing position as his career winds down.

So, three solid back court players, and with Fofana and Hueter, plenty of room and time to improve.  But, beyond those two it’s pretty thin.  How thin?  With multiple options available this summer for the PANAM Games, 44 year old Sayed Shalaby made the 14 player roster.  And, while I was initially really skeptical of this roster choice he is indeed still a hell of a player with solid 1 on 1 and passing skills.  Yes, while very definitely in the waning days of his career he was arguably the next best back court player available.  And, when a 44 year old athlete is your nation’s 4^th or 5^th best back?  Better than several players in their athletic prime?  Make no mistake your national team lacks depth at the position.

The other listed back court for the PANAM Games was Sean Zimber.  A reliable player, but he might be undersized to be more effective at the national team level.  Reportedly, he is moving to Germany to play some club handball and at 23 he does have time to improve.

Beyond the PANAM Games roster the pickings are thinner.  At the recent tournament the men’s team played in Ireland the primary back court options were Sebastian Wheeler, Amir Seifert and Jonas Stromberg.  To their credit they stepped up and played effectively against Ireland and Great Britain.  All three players are young (20, 20 and 18 respectively) so there’s room for growth, but I will be surprised if they progress to the level that Fofana and Hueter are currently playing at.  The same is true for the other backs that have played for the U.S. at recent Jr and Youth competition.  Good players, hard working players, decent technical skills.  All true.  But, I don’t see them progressing to substantially higher levels like the French or German 2^nd Division.  Of course, I’m not a professional scout, and even if I was I could still be 100% dead wrong.

Wings:  Not as Strong as Desired, but Relatively a Lesser Concern

First, a Little Respect for the Wing Position: My earlier diatribe on the critical importance of the back court, no doubt, rubbed some wings the wrong way.  Let’s be clear: Solid wing play is a critical component for good teams.  Good wings that can fly on the fast break and finish shots can be the difference between winning and losing.  And, for the most part the U.S. has wings that can get the job done.

At left wing, Sam Hoddersen has currently emerged as the best U.S. option, but there are several other players that show promise.  Those players include Asaf Bengozi, Amir Seifert, Michael Lee and Nik Zarikos.  All 5 are playing in Europe and are 23 or younger.  Add Gary Hines as an option and we’re in fairly good shape.  There’s a good internal competition and excepting Hines, these player have room and time for improvement.  While, none of them are spectacular players, they are reliable.  Worst case scenario:  We have solid play at left wing.  Best case scenario:  One (or more) of these player develops into a higher division caliber wing.

At right wing, the U.S. has gotten reliable, steady play from Ty Reed and Greg Inahara.  The big question marks for these players, however, are their ages, 27 and 29 respectively.  Reed is currently playing with Flensburg’s 2^nd Team and his potential progression to higher level clubs is TBD.  Inahara is living in the U.S. and his future plans are unknown.  Beyond those two there are 3 players, Patrick Mulligan, Austin Koury, and Elyes Baltagi.  I don’t see these players having the same skill level and potential as our cadre of left wings so there is a depth issue.

The other key aspect of the right wing position is that you pretty much have to be left handed to play the position with any effectiveness.  This is where the small player pool really hurts the U.S. since only 10 percent of the world population is left handed.  Heck, it sometimes is a problem for a big handball nation. 

This concludes my in depth review of the U.S. National Teams.  I’ll next take a closer look at the existing U.S. club structure and grass roots efforts.